Người trong cùng họ có lấy nhau được không?

Ở các nước Âu Mỹ, anh chị em con chú bác ruột vẫn có quyền lấy nhau, qua tác phẩm "Ơgiêni Grăngđê" ta thấy mối tình giữa hai anh em con chú bác ruột Grăngđe và Ơgiêni sở dĩ trắc trở là do thói keo kiệt biển lẩn của lão Grăngđê, chứ tác giả không đả động đến vấn đề chung huyết thống.

Trung Quốc là một nước chịu ảnh hưởng của văn hoá phong kiến nặng hơn ta nhiều, nhưng anh chị em con cô, cậu ruột, con dì ruột vẫn được lấy nhau. Xem Bảo Thoa, Bảo Ngọc... trong "Hồng Lâu Mộng" yêu nhau, lấy nhau là chuyện bình thường.

Ở nước ta, dưới triều Trần, con cháu nhà vua chỉ được lấy người trong Hoàng tộc (lấy sang họ khác sợ bị nạn ngoại thích cướp ngôi). Hưng Đạo vương Trần Quốc Tuấn lấy Thiên Thành công chúa, tức là cô ruột của mình. Vua Trần Thánh Tông lấy Thiên Cảm Hoàng hậu, tức chị con bác ruột. Vua Trần Minh Tông lấy Lệ Thánh Hoàng hậu, tức con chú ruột, đều là cháu nội vua Trần Nhân Tông vv...

Còn trong dân gian từ triều Lê về sau, nếu trong họ nội thân cùng quê mà lấy nhau gọi là hôn thú, họ hàng không chấp nhận. Nếu cùng họ nhưng đã xa đời, thuộc chi khác nhau hay đã xa quê (gọi là biệt tổ ly tông) thì vẫn lấy nhau được. Thời xưa, do trọng nam khinh nữ, hoặc thiếu hiểu biết về gien di truyền, nên anh chị em con cô, cậu ruột coi như khác họ vẫn có quyền làm thông gia với nhau. Ca dao tục ngữ trong dân gian còn ca ngợi trường hợp cháu cậu mà lấy cháu cô, coi như "Thóc lúa trong bồ, giống má nhà ta".

Nhưng di truyền học đã khẳng định rằng người có chung huyết thống mà có con với nhau thì qua nhiều đời dòng giống bị thoái hoá, có trường hợp bị quái thai, vì vậy anh em họ lấy nhau, kể cả họ nội hay họ ngoại đều không có lợi.

Luật pháp nước ta qui định cùng chung huyết thống ba đời, kể cả bên bố hay bên mẹ, đều không được lấy nhau.

12 nhận xét:

  1. Charles Robert Darwin (1809-1882). Han ai trong chung ta deu biet ve hoc thuyet tien hoa cua nha bac hoc vi dai nguoi Anh - Darwin. Nhung cac ban co biet cha de thuyet tien hoa Charles Darwin nay da cau hon va cuoi co em ho (the he 1) la Emma, ho co voi nhau 10 nguoi con (3 nguoi mat) 7 nguoi con song va lam viec. Co nguoi la khoa hoc gia.

    Cac ban co the vao tham trang mang: www.aboutdarwin.com de biet them nhieu thong tin ve nha khoa hoc nay, va cuoc hon nhan voi co em ho (doi thu 1) ten la Emma nay.


    The Children of Charles & Emma Darwin

    William Erasmus Darwin
    The first of Darwin's children was born on December 27, 1839. He was a graduate of Christ’s College at Cambridge University, and was a banker in Southampton. He married Sara Ashburner from New York, but they had no children. William died in 1914.

    Anne Elizabeth Darwin
    Born on March 2 1841, and died at the age of ten (she may have had tuberculosis) on April 23, 1851. It was the death of Annie that radically altered Darwin’s belief in Christianity.

    Mary Eleanor Darwin
    Born on September 23, 1842 but died a few weeks later on October 16th.

    Henrietta Emma Darwin ("Etty")
    Born on September 25, 1843 and married Richard Buckley Litchfield in August of 1871. She lived 86 years and edited Emma's (her mother) personal letters and had them published in 1904. She had no children.

    George Howard Darwin
    Born on July 9, 1845. He was an astronomer and mathematician, and became a Fellow of the Royal Society (sort of like the American National Academy of Science) in 1879. In 1883 he became the Plumian Professor of Astronomy and Experimental Philosophy at Cambridge University, and was a Barrister-at-Law. He studied the evolution and origins of the solar system. George married Martha (Maud) du Puy from Philadelphia. They had two sons, and two daughters. He died in 1912.

    Elizabeth Darwin
    Born on July 8, 1847 and died in 1926. She never married and had no children.

    Francis Darwin
    Born on August 16, 1848. He became a botanist specializing in plant physiology. He helped his father with his experiments on plants and was of great influence in Darwin's writing of "The Power of Movement in Plants" (1880). He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1879, and taught at Cambridge University from 1884, as a Professor of Botany, until 1904. He edited many of Darwin's correspondence and published "Life and Letters of Charles Darwin" in 1887, and "More Letters of Charles Darwin" in 1903. He also edited and published Darwin’s Autobiography. He married Amy Ruck but she died when their first child, Bernard, was born in September of 1876. He then married Ellen Crofts in September of 1883, and they had one daughter, Frances in 1886. Francis was knighted in 1913, and died in 1925.

    Leonard Darwin
    Born on January 15, 1850. He became a soldier in the Royal Engineers in 1871, and was a Major from 1890 onwards. He taught at the School of Military Engineering at Chatham from 1877 to 1882, and served in the Ministry of War, Intelligence Division, from 1885-90. He later became a liberal-unionist MP for the town of Lichfield in Staffordshire 1892-95, and was president of the Royal Geological Society 1908-11. Leonard married Elizabeth Fraser in July of 1882. He married a second time, but had no children and died in 1943.

    Horace Darwin
    Born on May 13, 1851. He was a graduate of Trinity College, Cambridge, and became an engineer and a builder of scientific instruments. In 1885 he founded the Cambridge Scientific Instrument Company. He was the Mayor of Cambridge from 1896-97, and was made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1903. Horace married Emma Farrer in January of 1880 and they had three children. He died in 1928.

    Charles Waring Darwin
    Born on December 6, 1856 but died on June 28 1858.
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